This election cycle, TCU is presenting a series of events titled Elections, Democracy
and Social Values. The series aims to explore various viewpoints and aspects of an
election and engage TCU鈥檚 diverse community in voting as informed, responsible citizens.
The third event in the series, 鈥淏etween 鈥楴ot Perfect鈥� and 鈥楨xcellent鈥�: Evaluating American Elections with Jim Riddlesperger鈥� will feature the professor of political science as he delves into decisions that have made fair elections difficult. Ahead of the event, Riddlesperger answered a few questions on the topic at hand for TCU News.
The title of the event says that our elections are somewhere between 鈥渘ot perfect鈥�
and 鈥渆xcellent.鈥� Can you expand on this idea?
We all know the difficulties associated with presidential elections. Just to name
three: (1) The Electoral College makes it where only the votes in seven swing states
will determine the outcome of the election, rendering voters in 43 states feeling
like their vote is discounted. And, of course, there is always the possibility that
the candidate who wins the popular vote can lose in the Electoral College. (2) Republicans,
of course, think that there are states in the country with policies that allow people
to vote who are not properly registered. Though the evidence for this is not strong,
a huge number of voters think this is a problem. (3) Democrats believe that the Republicans
are intentionally excluding eligible voters from participating with restrictive voting
laws, and that this alleged suppression might affect the outcome of the election. So,
in a nation that prides itself on free and fair (excellent) elections, we have issues
that render the system 鈥渘ot perfect.鈥�
What changes in the political system over the years have contributed to what we鈥檙e
seeing now?
There are many, many changes in the election system over time. This is very difficult
to summarize because each of the 50 states can change its primary and general election
rules for each election. There are literally dozens of changes in the law each election:
building and maintaining election rolls, the logistics of elections, identification
necessary to vote, the machines used to collect and count votes and even how electoral
votes will be cast (see the pressure last week for Nebraska to change how it was to
cast electoral votes as an example). This is a complex and ongoing issue. The key
here, in my opinion, is that under the United States Constitution, states make decisions
about how to conduct elections. With Washington included, that means there are literally
51 sets of rules used across the country.
What pending evolutions do you see today that you think have the potential to change
elections years from now when we look back?
I really fear that this year, if the election is close, there will be huge segments
of voters who might not accept the outcome of the election. That is the evolution
that is most profound. We had contested elections in 1800, 1824, 1876 and 1888, so
this is not an entirely new issue, but with two elections in this century where the
popular vote went for Democrats and the Electoral College for Republicans (2000 and
2016), Democrats feel the system itself is stacked against them, and with former President
Donald Trump not having accepted the outcome of the 2020 election, the potential for
disruption after the election is large. That could be a warning sign for the peaceful
transition of power that characterized our nation through nearly all of its history.
What is the best thing we can do as citizens and voters?
VOTE. And be engaged as citizens. That is the guardrail of democracy.
will be held Oct. 15.
For more on Elections, Democracy and Social Values, read Betting on Democracy: Grant Ferguson Discusses Political Predictive Markets and Information, Misinformation and Disinformation: Kristie Bunton on Elections, AI.